USE AND CONTROL OF WATER RESOURCES IN ECUADOR
USE AND CONTROL OF WATER RESOURCES IN ECUADOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53591/iti.v18i25s1.3307Keywords:
Water resources, Water management, River basins, Hydraulic infrastructureAbstract
Context: Water resources management in Ecuador has undergone significant institutional transformations over the past decades, shifting from decentralized basin-based models to centralized governance structures. This transition has generated challenges related to water availability, efficient allocation, and infrastructure development, particularly under increasing pressures from climate variability, floods, and droughts. Objective: To analyze the evolution of water resources utilization and control in Ecuador, highlighting the role of historical institutions and assessing the need to reestablish a basin-based management approach to improve sustainability and territorial development. Method: A qualitative descriptive-analytical approach was employed, based on a documentary review of regulations, institutions, and historical experiences in water resources management in Ecuador, with particular emphasis on the case of the Commission for the Development of the Guayas River Basin (CEDEGE). Results: The findings reveal that the elimination of decentralized regional agencies and the centralization of water governance have limited the planning, execution, and continuity of strategic projects. Additionally, the infrastructure developed by CEDEGE generated significant impacts in flood control, water supply, irrigation, and hydroelectric generation, establishing it as a successful model of basin-based management. Conclusions: It is concluded that efficient water resource management in Ecuador requires the reestablishment of a decentralized, basin-based approach, strengthening the institutional framework, territorial planning, and investment in hydraulic infrastructure. This approach will reduce water-related vulnerability, improve equity in water access, and contribute to the country’s economic and social development.
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