Evaluation of tartrazine (E-102) content in orange-flavored soft drinks marketed in Guayaquil using UV–Visible spectrophotometry.
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Tartrazine (E-102) is a synthetic colorant widely used in flavored beverages to improve their appearance. Its use must be controlled due to potential adverse effects associated with excessive consumption. The objective was to quantify the presence of tartrazine. (E-102) in orange-flavored non-carbonated soft drinks marketed in supermarkets in Guayaquil and to evaluate compliance with internationally established permissible limits. The applied experimental study, with a quantitative approach. Twelve samples of orange-flavored non-carbonated soft drinks from three commercial brands were collected through stratified sampling in supermarkets in Guayaquil. Tartrazine quantification was performed using UV–Visible spectrophotometry at 427 nm. A calibration curve was prepared using standard solutions, and the method was validated by quantifying its precision, accuracy, repeatability, and linearity. The average tartrazine concentrations obtained were 134.85 mg/L A, 99.45 mg/L B, and 54.61 mg/L C, by beverage brand, respectively. The results showed that samples corresponding to brand A exceeded the maximum limit of 100 mg/L established by international organizations. In brand B, values close to the regulatory limit were analized, whereas brand C showed concentrations considerably lower than the permitted value. After subjecting the findings to the Shapiro–Wilk test, data obtained from the statistical analysis, revealing variability in tartrazine content among the analyzed brands. One of the analyzed brands exceeded the permissible limits of tartrazine, highlighting the need to strengthen the control of additives in beverages.
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