Dosis de compost en combinación con fertilización mineral en el cultivo de tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Abstract

The progressive degradation of agricultural soils and the intensive use of synthetic fertilizers have reduced soil fertility and nutrient retention efficiency, making it necessary to implement alternative nutrient management strategies. In this context, the incorporation of amendments such as compost combined with mineral fertilization represents an effective approach to improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. The present study evaluated the effect of different compost doses integrated with mineral fertilization on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivation. The experiment was established under a randomized complete block design, including treatments consisting of a control, mineral fertilization alone, and the integration of compost at rates of 2, 4, and 6 t ha⁻¹. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). The results showed that integrated fertilization significantly improved most of the evaluated variables compared to the control treatment. Statistical differences were observed in leaf development, number of leaves, chlorophyll content, leaf weight, and yield, with the treatments combining compost and mineral fertilization showing the best performance. The application of 4 t ha⁻¹ of compost exhibited a superior trend compared to mineral fertilization alone, whereas higher doses did not produce additional increases. Plant height did not show significant statistical differences among treatments. The integrated application of compost and mineral fertilization improved nutrient use efficiency, increased crop yield, and represents a viable alternative for the sustainable management of tobacco cultivation.