Evaluación de proximidad de raíces dentarias superiores al seno maxilar mediante tomografía computarizada de haz cónico y su importancia en Endodoncia Evaluation of the proximity of upper dental roots to the maxillary sinus by cone beam computed tomography and its importance in Endodontics
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La anatomía del seno maxilar (SM) tiene una estrecha relación con las raíces dentales superiores, convirtiéndose en un reto para tratamientos endodónticos. El piso del seno maxilar esta recubierto por una fina capa cortical y por la membrana de Schneider, la cual puede llegar a ser perforada causando una comunicación endoantral. Las comunicaciones pueden ser visibles mediante el empleo de una Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico
(TCHC) que no permite visualizar diferentes planos para identificar la extensión de una lesión periapical o una iatrogenia. Por ello el objetivo de este estudio es establecer la proximidad entre las raíces dentarias del maxilar superior con respecto al seno maxilar (SM) con información de estudios ejecutados, empleando TCHC y su importancia en la rama de la endodoncia, en bases de datos como Pubmed, Google Scholar y ELSIERVER desde el año 2012 a 2022. Utilizando las siguientes palabras clave: Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico, Endodoncia, Seno Maxilar, Raíz del Diente, Proximidad. Obteniendo 669 artículos científicos, los cuales 30 artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Demostrando que la raíz mesiovestibular del segundo molar superior se encontró con mayor frecuencia dentro del piso del seno maxilar en la mayoría evaluaciones tomográficas. Concluyendo que para el estudio completo de la anatomía del PSM y su íntima relación con las raíces dentarias es importante implementar TCHC, que brinde información completa y tridimensional sobre la anatomía del PSM, ya que este puede extenderse hacia regiones anteriores, siendo más probable el riesgo de causar una comunicación endoantral.
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